Geology (from the Ancient Greek γῆ, gē, i.e. "earth" and -λoγία, -logia, i.e. "study of, discourse") is an earth science concerned with the solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change over time. Geology can also refer to the study of the solid features of any terrestrial planet or natural satellite, (such as Mars or the Moon).
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually from an orebody, lode, vein, seam, reef or placer deposit. These deposits form a mineralized package that is of economic interest to the miner.
Andrew Herbert Knoll. Gaidos E, Knoll AH. Frontiers of Astrobiology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2012. Our evolving planet: From dark ages to evolutionary renaissance. pp. 132–153.
Josiah Gilbert Holland, in Rev. S. Pollock Linn Golden Gleams of Thought from the Words of Leading Orators, Divines, Philosophers, Statesmen and Poets, A.C. McClurg & Company, 1881, p. 280.
Imagine having gas stations with fuel pumps that harness solar energy to produce fuels – something akin to the process that plants use to make their own food. EU-funded scientists made major advancements in developing solar technology to turn carbon dioxide (CO2) into solar fuel, helping to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
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