Lisbon, Portugal

History, Security and Defence Studies

História, Estudos de Segurança e Defesa

Table of contents

⇑History, Security and Defence Studies at ISCTE

Language: Portuguese Studies in Portuguese
Subject area: humanities
University website: www.iscte.pt
Type: PhD/Doctoral programme
Academic degree: Doutor
Duration: 240 ECTS

⇑Definitions and quotes

History
History (from Greek ἱστορία, historia, meaning "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation") is the study of the past as it is described in written documents. Events occurring before written record are considered prehistory. It is an umbrella term that relates to past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of information about these events. Scholars who write about history are called historians.
Security
Security is freedom from, or resilience against, potential harm (or other unwanted coercive change) from external forces. Beneficiaries (technically referents) of security may be persons and social groups, objects and institutions, ecosystems, and any other entity or phenomenon vulnerable to unwanted change by its environment.
Security
To minimize suffering and to maximize security were natural and proper ends of society and Caesar. But then they became the only ends, somehow, and the only basis of law — a perversion. Inevitably, then, in seeking only them, we found only their opposites: maximum suffering and minimum security.
Walter M. Miller, Jr., A Canticle for Leibowitz, Fiat Voluntas Tua, Ch. 29 (1959)
History
Today is Yesterday's Pupil.
Benjamin Franklin, Poor Richard's Almanack (1751).
History
The history of every country begins in the heart of a man or woman.
Willa Cather, O Pioneers!, Pt. I, Ch. 5 (1913)
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