Sofia, Bulgaria

Solid State Chemistry

Химия на твърдото тяло

Table of contents

⇑Solid State Chemistry at Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski"

Language: Bulgarian Studies in Bulgarian
Subject area: physical science, environment
University website: www.uni-sofia.bg/
Programme: Solid State Chemistry
Type: PhD/Doctoral programme
Academic degree: Doctor (доктор)
Duration: 3–4 years

⇑Definitions and quotes

Chemistry
Chemistry is the scientific discipline involved with compounds composed of atoms, i.e. elements, and molecules, i.e. combinations of atoms: their composition, structure, properties, behavior and the changes they undergo during a reaction with other compounds. Chemistry addresses topics such as how atoms and molecules interact via chemical bonds to form new chemical compounds. There are four types of chemical bonds: covalent bonds, in which compounds share one or more electron(s); ionic bonds, in which a compound donates one or more electrons to another compound to produce ions (cations and anions); hydrogen bonds; and Van der Waals force bonds.
Chemistry
We may, I believe, anticipate that the chemist of the future who is interested in the structure of proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, and other complex substances with high molecular weight will come to rely upon a new structural chemistry, involving precise geometrical relationships among the atoms in the molecules and the rigorous application of the new structural principles, and that great progress will be made, through this technique, in the attack, by chemical methods, on the problems of biology and medicine.
Linus Pauling, Nobel Lecture (11 December 1954)
State
In the mean time, what is the point of repeating the old tale as to what the state is becoming? Once the sour critical analysis of sometime ago (Herbert Marcuse: One-Dimensional Man), the dark negative utopias (Aldous Huxley, George Orwell) and the protest cries (May 68) are forgotten, and with a near lack of the slightest sense of resistance in civil society, the cobweb of power spins peacefully over our heads, all over the place. Even the dressing room.
Joxe Azurmendi, Demokratak eta biolentoak, (1997), p. 101.
State
While the State exists, there can be no freedom. When there is freedom there will be no State.
Vladimir Lenin, The State and Revolution (1917), Ch. 5
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