Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. The English language draws a terminological distinction (not all languages do) between translating (a written text) and interpreting (oral or sign-language communication between users of different languages); under this distinction, translation can begin only after the appearance of writing within a language community.
The development of clean energy technologies for cars should go hand in hand with investments in infrastructure. EU-funded scientists showed how to halve the energy required for liquefying hydrogen and how to scale up hydrogen liquefaction in Europe, enabling a low-carbon energy supply chain.